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[AgriLife Today] Grasshoppers, thrips threaten Panhandle crops

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By: Kay Ledbetter

Writer: Kay Ledbetter, 806-677-5608, [email protected]
Contact: Dr. Ed Bynum, 806-677-5600, [email protected]

AMARILLO – Two insects threatening Texas Panhandle crops may require treatment, but definitely need to be monitored in young cotton, corn and sorghum crops, said a Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service specialist.

Grasshopper eggs typically begin hatching from late April through May and peak in mid-June, but can extend into July, Bynum said. Nymphs go through five or six developmental stages and become adults in 40 to 60 days, with adults living another 40 to 50 days.Dr. Ed Bynum, AgriLife Extension entomologist in Amarillo, said early stages of grasshoppers are emerging in the northwestern area of the Panhandle, and thrips are showing up on young cotton.

“With the first nymphs emerging in early May, we can begin to have adult grasshoppers by July and continue to have adult grasshoppers well into the fall,” he said.

“Unfortunately, as we have seen the last few years, controlling grasshoppers in and around fields is very difficult because of the extensive numbers of grasshoppers and their widespread movement,” Bynum said. “However, as they become active, early and persistent control measures against the nymphs will help reduce adult populations later in the season.”

Numerous organophosphate, pyrethroid and other classes of insecticides are labeled for grasshopper control in field crops, such as alfalfa, corn, cotton, sorghum and soybeans. Each product is labeled for specific crops or non-cropland usage and should be consulted before use, he said.

Bynum said the organophosphate and pyrethroid products are neurotoxins and will provide fast knockdown and kill, but they also are more harmful to beneficial insects and will cause outbreaks of spider mites.

An adult western flower thrips is pictured on top and the larva on the bottom. (Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service photo)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As for thrips, Bynum said now that cotton has been planted for at least a couple of weeks, insecticide seed treatments may start losing their effectiveness.

“These insecticide seed treatments probably provide protection for 18 to 21 days from when the seeds were planted,” he said. “A sign that control is declining and no longer effective is when immature thrips are found surviving on the cotton leaves. When 30 percent of the thrips are immatures, then a foliar application is needed if numbers reach the action threshold.

“Generally, when there are good warm growing conditions, the insecticide residual activity is usually sufficient to protect cotton from germination to the fifth true-leaf growth stage.”

Bynum said producers should use the action threshold for making foliar application decisions when daily maximum temperatures are above 83 degrees.

However, he said, when there are cold fronts with daily maximum temperatures below 83 degrees for four to five days, a foliar insecticide may be required based on a modified action threshold by dividing each true leaf threshold in half.

Therefore, the action threshold for emergence to one true-leaf stage would be 0.5 thrips per plant and so forth.

Foliar applications of Orthene/Acephate and Bidrin provides about five days of protection and Dimethoate about four days of control, he said. This could require multiple foliar applications to prevent severe adult western flower thrips and larvae damage.

“It is important to control thrips before there is significant damage,” Bynum said. “Research has shown that if you use foliar insecticides and wait until you see damage or until you make a herbicide spray, the damage from thrips has already been done.”

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Farm & Ranch

Meanwhile, Back at the Ranch…

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By Rayford Pullen | [email protected]

When May arrives, we start thinking about weed control. With two years of drought under our belts, grass grazed short and hay stocks depleted, what we do now will influence our forage conditions for the entire year. With 75 percent of our annual warm season forages made by July 15 in North Texas, we need to get the grass growing while the sun shines.

Speaking of the sun shining, the biggest deterrent to growing lots of grass is restricted sunlight, and the biggest sun blockers we have are weeds.

Have you noticed weeds are normally just slightly taller than your grass and are probably blocking 90 percent of the sunlight from reaching the grass itself? So obviously, we need to improve conditions, so sunlight reaches the plants we want to grow.

With grass extremely short, more sunlight is hitting the soil surface now, which in turn results in more weed seed germinating. With the moisture we have received, we expect an abundance of weeds this year.

To read more, pick up a copy of the May issue of NTFR magazine. To subscribe by mail, call 940-872-5922.

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Farm & Ranch

Land Market Report: March Land Sales

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By Jared Groce

Rural land sales are continuing on a steady pace for early spring, with prices holding very strong with the sell-to-list price ratios remaining very high, even on properties that have been on the market for a longer than usual time period. The total number of transactions are picking up once again as the spring selling season kicks off, and the average acreage continues to decrease.

Larger acreage properties seem to be in higher demand than smaller properties currently, with many buyers simply parking cash in real estate to hedge against inflation. Interest rates seem to have settled down and most experts agree that rates will be reduced by the fed this year. Some lenders have programs in place that allow the buyer to reduce their rates without having to go through a full refinance ordeal.

To read more, pick up a copy of the May issue of NTFR magazine. To subscribe by mail, call 940-872-5922.

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Farm & Ranch

Texas FFA State Vice President Weston Parr

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Future Farmers of America was founded by a group of farmers in 1928 with the mission of preparing the next generation of agriculture. It has done just that during its 95-year history, as the organization works to give back to others by following its motto, “learning to do, doing to learn, earning to live, living to serve.”

FFA is an organization made up of state associations, and at the helm of the Texas FFA is a team of 12 officers representing their respective areas within the Lone Star State. These individuals dedicate a year of their lives as they serve members, provide leadership, and work together with the state staff and board of directors to develop policy and lead the organization of over 177,000 members.

North Texas is represented by Area IV and Area IV, stretching from Wilbarger County to Bell County and from Runnels County to Grayson County. This year, those chosen to lead this great area are State President Isaac Hawkins Jr., Area IV, and State Vice President Weston Parr, Area V.

Parr is from the Sam Rayburn FFA chapter and the Area V Association, but the leader who now serves more than 19,100 members of Area V entered the FFA organization as a shy teenager who sat in the back of the room.

“I didn’t talk to a whole lot of people. I didn’t know what I wanted to do with my life or where I could see myself, so I wasn’t involved on my high school campus,” Parr recalled.

“Then I started FFA and slowly but surely, my ag teachers worked me into attending more contests, meeting new people, and speaking. I remember the first time I gave an officer speech to my chapter. I can still remember how embarrassing it was. To see the progression from that moment to speaking on stage at the state convention in front of thousands of people. Now I feel like I can enter the industry I want and be successful all because of what FFA afforded me for five years.”

There is not much Parr did not do during his time in high school. His contest participation included chapter conducting, wool judging, cotton judging, wildlife, and job interview, but his favorite was extemporaneous speaking, which he did not start until his senior year of high school.

“I wish I could go back to my freshman, sophomore, and junior years and start that sooner. I think if I had more time, I would have been more successful than I already was, but that was something I didn’t realize I liked at the time. I’m not naturally somebody who likes to speak in public, but it was actually my favorite,” Parr said.

Parr won several awards during his time competing. In 2023 alone, Parr earned the Texas FFA Service-Learning Proficiency title, was a National FFA Service-Learning Proficiency finalist, and a Texas FFA Extemporaneous Speaking finalist. In addition to his CDE and LDE events during high school, he showed commercial steers at Houston, and boilers at most major shows, participated in the county show with projects in ag mechanics, showed goats from time to time, and showed heifers until graduation.

“FFA provides invaluable resources and knowledge to be successful once you leave high school and you are out of the blue jacket for the first time. I have been a part of a lot of great organizations over the years, and they are all great in their own way, but in my opinion, FFA is the most successful at producing members of society who want to go and do something with themselves,” Parr said.

He was halfway through his time as Area V Association President and attending the national convention when he began to ponder the idea of running for state office.

“This is around the time when you usually figure out if you want to go through and be a state officer or you decide that area officer is your last run. I was unsure of where I wanted to go, but I knew I didn’t want to be done with FFA. I decided maybe it would be a good opportunity not only for me to make more friendships and connections, but also to give back to the program that allowed me to be able to do what I can do today,” Parr explained.

To read more, pick up a copy of the May issue of NTFR magazine. To subscribe by mail, call 940-872-5922.

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