By Barry Whitworth, DVM

The Monthly Precipitation Outlook found at the Mesonet website (https://www.mesonet.org) is predicting above normal chances for precipitation for the month of June for most of the area. Many areas have received much needed rain in the past few weeks. With moist conditions, producers should be observing their cattle for foot rot.

Foot rot is caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum subspecies necrophorum and sometimes other bacteria are involved (Porphyromonas levii, Prevotella intermedia, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Truperella pyogenes). These bacteria are normal inhabitants of the digestive tract of cattle and consequently in the environment. The problem arises when the bacteria enter the tissue of the foot through a break in the skin. The damage to the skin may be from puncture wounds or abrasions or continuous exposure to wet conditions which softens the skin. Once the bacteria gains entry into the tissue, it multiplies and releases toxins that damage tissue. If left unchecked, the bacteria invade deeper structures in the foot. This may result in permanent problems and may shorten the life of the cow.

Diagnosis of foot rot begins with a thorough examination of the foot. Foot rot lesions usually infect both claws, so if only one claw is infected, the problem is not likely foot rot. Producers should look for signs of swelling between the toes as well as redness or necrotic tissue. Also, observe for separation of the skin at the hoof wall. Most cases of foot rot will have a foul spelling odor. The foot may feel warm to the touch. This distinguishes foot rot from fescue foot which is cold to the touch. Cows may have a fever and refuse to eat. Most cows are reluctant to bear weight on the infected foot due to pain.

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