Outdoor
The New Guidelines for Antibioticand Implant Use in Livestock
By Martha Crump
In January 2017, a new regulation from the United States food and Drug Administration (FDA) went into effect that required a prescription from a veterinarian called a veterinary feed directive, or VFD, to be in place in order for all medically important antibiotics that were being administered in feed and water. This Guidance for Industry (GFI) regulation was known as GFI#213, and brought 96 percent of all medically important antibiotic drugs used in water and feed for animals under veterinary oversight and limited their use for treatment, control, and prevention of specific diseases. As you might imagine this definitely impacted feedlots, but there also were some cow/calf producers that felt the impact as well.
Often, antibiotic-containing feed was used during known periods of stress, such as extended bad weather, relocation, or to prevent against foot rot or outbreaks of pink eye, even though those were “off-label uses.” Even when creep feeding calves, it is estimated that about 30 percent of the feeds used were available with some type of antibiotic in them. The economics of this type of antibiotic administration were preferred as on the average, feeding with a low level of antibiotic in feed for a few days might have an average cost of $1 per head compared to an injectable form at an average cost of $25 per head.
The FDA, among other groups, has long been watchful, and concerned, about antibiotics that are commonly used in both humans and animals. The shared concern is that possible overuse, including in animal feeds [or water], might lead to bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) becoming resistant to antibiotics. E. coli is a bacteria that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms, including humans. Most strains are harmless, but some have the ability to cause serious food poisoning.
To read more, pick up a copy of the July issue of NTFR Magazine. To subscribe call 940-872-5922.
By Jelly Cocanougher
An array of majestic and alluring oddities are encapsulated on Route 66. The highway of mystery and amusement is a beacon for those who are curious enough. Filled with the stories of artists who have paved the way forward, the gratitude and plethora of visitors who use this area as a beacon for sentimentalism and wonder. This scenic highway holds the inspiration to iconic art, the road to Hollywood, and a glimpse into the past. Stay curious.
By Tony Dean, [email protected]
The Old World bluestems (OWBs) are a large family native to Eurasia, Africa, and Australia. Although there is strong evidence that Columbus may have inadvertently brought OWBs to the Americas, they were first officially introduced to the United States in the early 1900s. They have been widely planted in the Central and Southern Great Plains for forage production and erosion control.
The Old World family is made up of at least two species, the Yellow bluestems and Caucasian bluestem. The most common Yellow bluestem cultivars include King Ranch, Plains, Ganada, WW-Spar, and WW-Ironmaster. Caucasian has a single cultivar, WW-B Dahl bluestem. All of these cultivars are very similar and identification can usually only be made after a seedhead has developed.
Undoubtedly other species and varieties exist that have not yet been identified and categorized. For purposes of this writing, we will usually refer to them together as OWBs.
To read more, pick up a copy of the August issue of NTFR magazine. To subscribe by mail, call 940-872-5922.
By Norman Winter | Horticulturist, Author, Speaker
After seeing the flowers at the Young’s Plant Farm Annual Garden Tour in Auburn, Ala., I felt a sense of desperation to get my hands on the Luscious Basket Tangeglow lantana.
I don’t always think about lantana being a component plant in mixed-container designs but they had several that were simply dazzling. Luscious Basket Tangeglow is a fairly new lantana and its name gives reference to its compact nature of 12 to 26 inches in height and a spread of 12 to 24 inches. You might wonder about the differences in height and width and that is attributed to the length of the growing season.
Luscious Basket Tangeglow has done great in university trials winning Perfect Score at the University of Minnesota, Iowa State, Oklahoma State and University of Tennessee. Then it took home Directors Select at Penn State and a bunch of Top Performer awards.
To read more, pick up a copy of the August issue of NTFR magazine. To subscribe by mail, call 940-872-5922.
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