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[AgriLife Today] ‘Internet of things’ to create big data for irrigated agriculture

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By: Kay Ledbetter

Writer: Kay Ledbetter, 806-677-5608, [email protected]
Contact: Dr. Charles Hillyer, 806-677-5600, [email protected]

AMARILLO – Big data is big business, and everyone wants a part of the pie, however agricultural irrigators should take a careful look before accepting irrigation advice from new technology sources, according to a Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service specialist.

A web-connected plant sensor such as this infrared thermometer could be part of an “internet of things” product. (Texas A&M AgriLife photo by Kay Ledbetter)

Dr. Charles Hillyer, AgriLife Extension irrigation specialist in Amarillo, said a recent survey on emerging irrigation technologies identified the “internet of things” or IoT as the most important issue.

What is that? Big data, Hillyer said.

“Most mentioned by the survey takers is having lots of devices being used by irrigators communicating with each other so collectively the products can do more than individually,” he said.

“There are dozens of startups offering products, but it is surprising who is doing it,” Hillyer said. “Are you ready to get irrigation advice from your cell phone company?”

He said IoT products are based on a communication chain. The chain starts in the field, usually with many inexpensive sensors. The chain goes to the cloud where the data is stored, analyzed and transformed into useful information.

The chain ends back in the field, either on the producer’s cell phone where he or she sees the field in a new way, or it ends at another IoT device that uses the new information to control valves, pumps or other smart devices, Hillyer said.

“Basically, it’s the process of taking data from one device, sending it to the cloud and then back to you as useful information rather than just data,” Hillyer said.

The final part is analytics – taking all the data and deriving new information from that data, he said.

“This is where big data comes into play. By having more data, and by receiving it more frequently, data scientists can apply sophisticated algorithms that reveal patterns and trends no individual sensor can reveal,” Hillyer said.

“It’s not just one of these steps, it’s the whole process of getting all this to work together – that’s the basis of IoT,” he said. “The idea is to make it easier to base decisions on data rather than intuition. But it will be new, something you are not accustomed to.”

Concerns pointed out by the survey takers were power supply, security and hardware compatibility, Hillyer said. Every new product should be analyzed for its ability to address these issues.

Some battery-powered devices don’t last as long as might be expected, he said. Typically, manufacturers estimate battery life based on how often the device will communicate with the cloud. But consumers often want more frequent communication, especially when the devices are first installed.

Security is also a concern, Hillyer said.

“The IoT devices are constantly streaming data to the cloud, and while the cloud may have good security, the devices may not,” he said. “Some early IoT solutions got a bad rap because the devices themselves could be hacked. So that is one of the first questions you should ask – what about security? Find out what the manufacturer does to protect the information both in the field and in the cloud.

“Then consider compatibility,” Hillyer said. “Be careful that the integrators are selecting compatible hardware so damage is not done. Some IoT vendors are vertically integrated: they provide all the hardware, connectivity, and cloud services. Other vendors are sourcing hardware from third parties.”

Hillyer said distributed sensor networks have a greater density of information. Having more information, and receiving it sooner, means producers can do things more accurately and more precisely.

Some products will offer other services such as analytics, off-farm integration and supply chain management. These data have value and some companies will want to aggregate the data and sell it to third parties.

“If you are looking at one of these services, be sure you know where your data is going.” Hillyer said.

Most IoT companies will say the producer owns the data but that doesn’t always mean the company can’t derive more value from the data, he said.

“If folks start showing up to offer you IoT products, ask questions,” Hillyer warned. “Many will be offering service, but may not be selling the hardware. When you look at the product, be sure you understand what exactly you are paying for. Sometimes you are buying hardware and sometimes you are buying a service.”

Know where the data is going to be stored – “your cloud or their cloud. Can the data be exported or are you limited by where you can look at it, thus limiting your use?”

And, he said, know who is in the connectivity chain.

“IoT vendors don’t always make each element in the connectivity chain, they are doing the integration,” Hillyer said. “Are they doing a full integration or are they reselling parts and packaging them together? A full product is going to be better integrated. “

Also find out what is offered in the way of support, he advised.

“These sensors are predicated on being small and expensive. Some are going to break. Who supports it? If one company makes everything, there is only one place to go,” Hillyer said.

“Producers need to know and understand how IoT solutions increase their accuracy,” he said. “Is the new information something you can act on or is it just informative? Can you make calculations based on the information? Are the data actual measurements or modeled information?”

Getting answers to these questions will help producers decide if an IoT product will actually help their management or just add to the avalanche of data they are already receiving, he said.

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Farm & Ranch

Texas FFA State Vice President Weston Parr

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Future Farmers of America was founded by a group of farmers in 1928 with the mission of preparing the next generation of agriculture. It has done just that during its 95-year history, as the organization works to give back to others by following its motto, “learning to do, doing to learn, earning to live, living to serve.”

FFA is an organization made up of state associations, and at the helm of the Texas FFA is a team of 12 officers representing their respective areas within the Lone Star State. These individuals dedicate a year of their lives as they serve members, provide leadership, and work together with the state staff and board of directors to develop policy and lead the organization of over 177,000 members.

North Texas is represented by Area IV and Area IV, stretching from Wilbarger County to Bell County and from Runnels County to Grayson County. This year, those chosen to lead this great area are State President Isaac Hawkins Jr., Area IV, and State Vice President Weston Parr, Area V.

Parr is from the Sam Rayburn FFA chapter and the Area V Association, but the leader who now serves more than 19,100 members of Area V entered the FFA organization as a shy teenager who sat in the back of the room.

“I didn’t talk to a whole lot of people. I didn’t know what I wanted to do with my life or where I could see myself, so I wasn’t involved on my high school campus,” Parr recalled.

“Then I started FFA and slowly but surely, my ag teachers worked me into attending more contests, meeting new people, and speaking. I remember the first time I gave an officer speech to my chapter. I can still remember how embarrassing it was. To see the progression from that moment to speaking on stage at the state convention in front of thousands of people. Now I feel like I can enter the industry I want and be successful all because of what FFA afforded me for five years.”

There is not much Parr did not do during his time in high school. His contest participation included chapter conducting, wool judging, cotton judging, wildlife, and job interview, but his favorite was extemporaneous speaking, which he did not start until his senior year of high school.

“I wish I could go back to my freshman, sophomore, and junior years and start that sooner. I think if I had more time, I would have been more successful than I already was, but that was something I didn’t realize I liked at the time. I’m not naturally somebody who likes to speak in public, but it was actually my favorite,” Parr said.

Parr won several awards during his time competing. In 2023 alone, Parr earned the Texas FFA Service-Learning Proficiency title, was a National FFA Service-Learning Proficiency finalist, and a Texas FFA Extemporaneous Speaking finalist. In addition to his CDE and LDE events during high school, he showed commercial steers at Houston, and boilers at most major shows, participated in the county show with projects in ag mechanics, showed goats from time to time, and showed heifers until graduation.

“FFA provides invaluable resources and knowledge to be successful once you leave high school and you are out of the blue jacket for the first time. I have been a part of a lot of great organizations over the years, and they are all great in their own way, but in my opinion, FFA is the most successful at producing members of society who want to go and do something with themselves,” Parr said.

He was halfway through his time as Area V Association President and attending the national convention when he began to ponder the idea of running for state office.

“This is around the time when you usually figure out if you want to go through and be a state officer or you decide that area officer is your last run. I was unsure of where I wanted to go, but I knew I didn’t want to be done with FFA. I decided maybe it would be a good opportunity not only for me to make more friendships and connections, but also to give back to the program that allowed me to be able to do what I can do today,” Parr explained.

To read more, pick up a copy of the May issue of NTFR magazine. To subscribe by mail, call 940-872-5922.

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Farm & Ranch

Texas FFA State President Isaac Hawkins, Jr.

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FFA is an organization made up of state associations, and at the helm of the Texas FFA is a team of 12 officers representing their respective areas within the Lone Star State. These individuals dedicate a year of their lives as they serve members, provide leadership, and work together with the state staff and board of directors to develop policy and lead the organization of over 177,000 members.

North Texas is represented by Area IV and Area IV, stretching from Wilbarger County to Bell County and from Runnels County to Grayson County. This year, those chosen to lead this great area are State President Isaac Hawkins Jr., Area IV, and State Vice President Weston Parr, Area V.

These young leaders share a drive to give back to the organization that has given to them as they work to support FFA members while preparing for a future in the agricultural industry.

From the 12 selected representatives, delegates elect a president and first vice president, with the remaining 10 serving as vice presidents from their respective area associations. The selection process consists of a popular vote by delegates at the state convention, which accounts for 40 percent of the decision, and a committee process that includes a written knowledge exam, worth 10 percent, and an interview, accounting for 50 percent. This year, after all was said and done, Hawkins was named this year’s Texas FFA President.

Hawkins grew up as part of a large, blended family with five sisters and three brothers. While he says he did not grow up in agriculture, his youth was spent outside fishing and doing all things outdoors with his father, whom he calls his best friend. As he entered Hirschi High School in Wichita Falls, Hawkins knew he wanted to be a vet but was unsure of what courses to take to set himself on that path.

“I signed up for ag principals just because they had animals in the description. The first day of class we talked about churning butter, and I went to my school counselor that same day and told her to change my schedule immediately, but she refused. She made me stay there,” Hawkins laughed. “Luckily, I had an incredible ag teacher, and she really helped me to fall in love with the program.”

To read more, pick up a copy of the May issue of NTFR magazine. To subscribe by mail, call 940-872-5922.

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Farm & Ranch

Hazards of Backyard Poultry

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By Barry Whitworth, DVM

Having backyard poultry is a popular agriculture enterprise. According to the United States Department of Agriculture, 0.8 percent of all households in the United States have chickens. People keep chickens for a variety of reasons with table eggs being one of the more common reasons.

Unfortunately, some of these poultry producers are not aware of the hazards that come with keeping poultry because many times they carry pathogens but appear healthy.
Chickens are carriers of several zoonotic diseases. These are diseases that can be passed from animals to humans. According to a recent survey in Pennsylvania, a majority of backyard poultry producers were aware of the dangers of avian influenza. However, this study also revealed that far fewer producers were aware of the risk of possible exposure to Salmonella and Campylobacter.

The lack of knowledge about the hazards of raising poultry likely contributes to the continued issues of Salmonella outbreaks associated with backyard poultry. In 2023, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported 1,072 illnesses of Salmonella linked to backyard poultry, and 272 of those patients required hospitalization. Oklahoma reported 43 individuals with the disease.

To read more, pick up a copy of the April issue of NTFR magazine. To subscribe by mail, call 940-872-5922.

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